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type="text/javascript"> $(".news_rili").val(getYestoday()); </SCRIPT> <td><INPUT type="submit" value="查看" class="news_chakan"></td> </form> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ablui8ik" class="show_line" ></div> </div>  <div id="ablui8ik" class="news_news"> <div id="ablui8ik" class="show_left"> <div id="ablui8ik" class="show_news"> <h1>打上:伊斯蘭標簽的愛情悲劇“梁?！?/h1> <div id="ablui8ik" class="show_news_info"> <span></span> <span>來源：中國清真網(wǎng)</span> <span>時間：2007-11-05</span> <span>點擊：<script src="/index.php/portal/api/getNumber?id=16005&type=viewnum"></script></span>  <span><a href="#pl">我來說兩句</a></span> </div> <div id="ablui8ik" class="show_news_all" id="frameContent" >  <p>打上:伊斯蘭標簽的愛情悲劇“梁祝”《穆斯林的葬禮》我之見</p> <p>口阿布杜·瓦哈卡·陳敏正</p> <p> 在文學體裁中,小說是最具普遍意義的文學樣式。它擁有最為眾多的讀者群。以小說為藍本改編的戲劇、電影、電視劇其受眾面則更為廣泛。在文學領域,由于其影響力,小說在近、現(xiàn)代有著不可替代的重要地位。</p> <p> 遠在八十年代初期,中國文學處于劫后余生的復蘇之中。至中后期,己從傷痕文學步入了五彩繽紛的繁榮創(chuàng)作階段。其中描寫少數(shù)民族風情的小說,迎合了讀者的獵奇心理,風靡一時。如馬強的《伸出你的舌頭,或空空蕩蕩》等。(后因藏族人民反應強烈,被禁。有關人員亦受到了處理。)《穆斯林的葬禮》就是在這樣的時代背景下發(fā)表的。這部以回回民族為題材的,彌漫著濃郁的宗教色彩的長篇小說,一經(jīng)問世,便吸引了包括回族在內(nèi)的廣大讀者的眼球。在讀者的反饋中,一開始就有著兩種截然不同的看法。不過囿于當時的歷史條件,持否定觀點的一方無法在公共媒體上陳述自己的意見。如今在小說發(fā)表二十周年之際,幾家媒體又召開了座談會,聽到的仍然是一片譽美之聲。既然老話重提,我想利用人人有發(fā)言權的網(wǎng)絡所提供的便利,讓廣大讀者特別是青年穆斯林讀者聽一聽另外一種聲音。</p> <p> 如果單純從寫作技巧角度看，《穆斯林的葬禮》無疑是成功的。小說創(chuàng)作手法新穎,結構巧妙。描述男女愛情,細膩入微,情意纏綿,頗具言情風格。經(jīng)過了幾十年情感禁錮的國人,初睹此書如飲佳釀,大解精神饑渴之需,正中下懷，因而受到了的歡迎,特別是青年人的歡迎,則屬必然。此外,小說為廣大讀者掀開了鮮為人知的回族穆斯林歷史、風俗與現(xiàn)實生活的神秘面紗,這也是吸引讀者一看究竟的主要原因.</p> <p> 然而一時或在一段時期受到一定歡迎的事物,不一定經(jīng)受住歷史的驗證。社會上流傳的"只求一時擁有,不求天長地久"的話,適用于"文化快餐"類的東西。一部文藝作品更重要的是,要看它所產(chǎn)生的社會效果。二十年過去了,當年的青年讀者(他們當中不少是穆斯林)料己步入中年,二十年的成長與積累，他們的思想也當趨于成熟。以今天的成熟,去審視過去,反思歷史,應該是更為客觀。既然小說冠名為"穆斯林的葬禮",那么評論這部小說,作為穆斯林讀者就更具有發(fā)言權。</p> <p> 民族史研究者,對回族形成的歷史定義是:由于歷史契機,來自西亞、中亞以及其他地區(qū)的信奉伊斯蘭教的穆斯林入華后,經(jīng)過內(nèi)外部的融合,所逐漸形成的一個新的民族。就這個意義而言,回回民族是建立在共同的宗教信仰基礎上的民族,這種與宗教密不可分的相生相伴,也是她不同于其他民族的顯著特征。因此,創(chuàng)作一部回回民族的文藝作品,就應對本民族史有深刻了解,懷有深厚的民族情感,并具備較深的伊斯蘭教知識,才不至于寫出有悖教義,有傷民族情感，誤導世人的作品來。那么，《穆斯林的葬禮》的作者是否如此呢?這部作品又給讀者展現(xiàn)了什么呢?</p> <p> 一個沒有爭議的話題是:維護一個民族的存在,就要最大限度地保存他的民俗。而回族的民俗源于伊斯蘭教。千百年來回族未被同化的主要原因就是堅守了兩條民俗底線:飲食與婚姻?；刈迥滤沽植皇池i肉,是人所共知的,這是來自伊斯蘭的基本經(jīng)典《古蘭》的戒令。一般穆斯林皆能遵守,一般外族人也能理解并尊重。至于婚姻問題,一般教民只知選擇族內(nèi)婚,對教律之詳細規(guī)定,則不甚了了。其實對于穆斯林婚姻，《古蘭》亦有詳盡的規(guī)定。請看《古蘭》第2章221節(jié):“你們不去與多神崇拜的女子結婚,直到她們信仰了。的確,一個有信仰的女仆比二個多神崇拜的女子更好,即使她使你們傾慕。也不要嫁給多神崇拜的男子,直到他們信仰了。的確,一個有信仰的奴仆比→個多神崇拜的人更好,即使他使你們傾慕。--------"千百年來,虔誠的回族穆斯林就是這樣恪守著《古蘭》的天命,堅守著信仰的底線,屹立于華夏大地,并與其他民族共同發(fā)展繁榮。這兩條底線猶如兩座大堤,防止了異質文化的侵襲,維護了一個民族的獨立存在與尊嚴。小說《穆斯林的葬禮》正是以這兩條底線之----婚姻為主題而展開的。</p> <p> “愛情是文藝創(chuàng)作永恒的主題"。作者選用愛情主題本無可厚非。問題在于作者將小說中的兩段愛情故事,都放進了二個極端的背景和極端的環(huán)境之中,以這樣極端的杜撰去廉價換取同情一族的讀者群,使得整個故事處于自相矛盾之中，不能自圓其說,而失去其民族的真實性和代表性。</p> <p> 首先看與這兩段愛情故事都有直接關系的核心人物-一一韓太太(梁君璧)。作者對于中年的她,定性是這樣的:"她極力維護自己端莊、威嚴而又不失溫柔、寬厚的形象,她生就一張無遮無攔、暢所欲言的利嘴,經(jīng)過半世生涯的磨練卻變得常常"逢人只說三分話”,甚至對丈夫和女兒也不得不言不由衷;她的性子本來藏不住半點兒秘密,人生的顛簸卻讓她的內(nèi)心成了一個封閉的世界,只能對萬能的主菜能敞開--------"這就辛作者所樹立的一個所謂虔誠的回族穆斯林的婦女形象。作為穆斯林讀者,我們很難想象,個從九歲就開始齋拜的人卻由于社會環(huán)境而變得如此無情和虛偽。這種把一個凈化靈魂的戒煉與實際生活分割開來的矛盾描述,實際上是對穆斯林功修的褻瀆。那么接下來,由于這個人物的存在而葬送了-對"美滿姻緣氣似乎也就順理成章了。</p> <p> 讓我們再看看故事的核心------楚雁潮與韓新月的師生戀情。這是身為回族的作者,明知不可為而為之的拼湊之作。楚雁潮,身為高等名校的老師,高級知識分子!他的理智足以使他對身邊事物作出理性判斷。如果在追求他的學生韓新月之初,未曾考慮對方的民族和信仰,那么,當他對韓太太表明態(tài)度而遭拒絕!而且這樣的拒絕并非無理的干涉。楚雁潮這位心地善良、多情善感、頗能贏得女子芳心的人,并沒有作出一個冷靜的判斷,而是不顧一切的一意孤行,其結果不僅傷害了自己,而且給一個不諳世事,情竇初開的女孩兒一個致命的傷害,進而導致了二個原本就傷痕累累的家庭解體。這種所謂的"愛情至上”,實際上是一種極為自私的情感瀉露,這種"叛逆性格",實際上是對自我內(nèi)心善良的一種叛逆,是不應改作為一種健康的情感來加以謳歌的。</p> <p> 如上所主小說中的韓太太(梁君璧)被作者塑造成一個信仰與實際相脫節(jié)的,情感上備受傷害而性情變異的婦女形象。她煎熬著內(nèi)心的苦楚,卻遷怒于無辜的新月身上,造成了新月身、心兩傷,而斷送了性命。這一切都與伊斯蘭教教規(guī)有關,我不知道作者的居心何在?盡管作者也在小說中大大地贊美了伊斯蘭，如教人"老實做人,寬厚仁愛"等等,然而,具象到一個勤于功修的虔誠的穆斯林婦女身上,卻成了如此虛偽、如此尖刻的模樣。作者的"抽象肯定,具體否定"的把戲,運用得十分老道,于是乎,梁君璧就成了一個阻礙神圣愛情的惡婆婆，不合理的婚姻制空的維護者和衛(wèi)道士的形象，<<穆斯林的葬禮》也就成了打上了伊斯蘭標簽的梁祝,也就由作者精心打造成了伊斯蘭版的《羅密歐與朱麗葉>>.</p> <p> 實際上,伊斯蘭博大精深的思想體系,涵蓋了-個十分寬容、十分靈活、通觀達變的思想方法。比如在禁食方面,她允許在不得以的特殊情況下解禁;同樣，在婚姻上,她也允許非穆斯林(不論其種族)在皈信伊斯蘭后與穆斯林的自由嫁、娶.(如上引經(jīng)文的規(guī)定).如此,楚、韓之愛就不會是死棋一盤了.可是作者偏偏將其“將死”，可謂用心良苦.</p> <p> </p> <p>評論內(nèi)容只代表作者和網(wǎng)友個人觀點，與本網(wǎng)站立場無關。</p>  </div> <div id="ablui8ik" class="show_news_fx">  <div id="ablui8ik" class="show_share jiathis_style"> <span id="ablui8ik" class="jiathis_txt">分享:</span> <a class="jiathis_button_tools_1"></a> <a class="jiathis_button_tools_2"></a> <a class="jiathis_button_tools_3"></a> <a class="jiathis jiathis_txt jiathis_separator jtico jtico_jiathis" target="_blank">更多</a> </div> <script type="text/javascript" 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